He papa inoa nui o nā ʻano mea hoʻohui plastik āpau no ka laina extrusion plastik!

Nā mea hoʻohui palakiʻO nā mea hoʻohui plastik, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he mau mea hoʻohui plastik, he mau hui ia e pono e hoʻohui ʻia i nā polymers (synthetic resins) e hoʻomaikaʻi i ko lākou mau waiwai hana a i ʻole e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana o ka resin ponoʻī.
Hiki i ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā mea hoʻohui ke hoʻolaha i ka hana ʻana o nā plastics e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana ʻana, nā waiwai kino a me nā kemika o ka mea kumu a hoʻonui i nā waiwai kino a me nā kemika o ka mea kumu.

I kēia lā e aʻo mākou e pili ana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā mea hoʻohui plastik a e nānā i nā ʻano mea hoʻohui plastik like ʻole.

1, Mea hoʻōla ʻoki kino
Hoʻouka ʻia nā pilina pālua unsaturated i loko o nā plastics e nā ʻātoma oxygen, ka wela a me ka mālamalama a hana i ka haki ʻana e hana i nā radical manuahi, kahi e hana ai i kahi hopena kaulahao e uhaki ai i nā kaulahao molekala a i ʻole e hana i nā loulou kea kaulahao, e hopena ana i ka emi ʻana o ka ikaika a i ʻole ka brittleness o ka huahana plastic i hoʻopau ʻia. ʻO ka hana o nā antioxidants ka hoʻopaneʻe ʻana i ka palaho ʻana o nā plastics ma muli o ka oxidation a hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola o nā huahana plastic.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā antioxidants i hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻoihana plastics e like me kā lākou hana penei:

(1) Nā mea pale i ka hopena kaulahao oxidation
E like me Alkyl phenol, Butylated hydroxytoluene, Aromaticamines, Phenyl-B-Naphtylamine, Alkyl quinone, Alkylene bisphenol, Alkyl phenolthioether, Phenyl salicylate etc.
(2) Mea hoʻoheheʻe peroxide
E like me ka ʻōnaehana sulfide ʻona ʻo Liu, Thio propionate ester, nā phosphites organik, a pēlā aku.
(3) Nā mea hoʻopau metala kaumaha
E like me nā amides, hydrazides, nā hui amine ʻala, a pēlā aku.

2, mea hoʻomalu antistatic
ʻO ka hana nui o nā mea antistatic ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka conductivity uila i nā plastics i ʻole lākou e hōʻiliʻili i ka uila static ma muli o ka friction. ʻO nā mea antistatic i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e komo pū me ka quaternary ammonium salt, amines, fatty acid esters a me ka sulphonated wax.

3, Mea puhi
ʻEkolu mau ʻano nui o nā mea hoʻohua no nā plastik.
(1) naikokene, kalapona ʻokikene, a me ka ea, i kaomi pololei ʻia i loko o ka palakiko heheʻe e hana i ka huʻa.
(2) nā wai lele e like me ka butane, pentane, petroleum ether, difluorodichloromethane, a pēlā aku, ma hope o ka hoʻomehana ʻana i ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka lele, a hana i ke kino plastik e huahua, ʻo ka polystyrene foam maʻamau e pili ana i kēia ʻano.
(3) ka palaho ʻana o ka mea puhi kemika, ʻo kēia ʻano mea puhi he pauka paʻa ia, ua hoʻomehana ʻia lākou a ua palaho ʻia e hoʻokuʻu i ke kinoea (ʻo ka naikokene a i ʻole ke kalapona ʻokikene), a hana i ke ʻano o ka ʻili plastik, a hoʻemi i ke kaumaha.

ʻO kēia ʻano mea hoʻohua he mau hui azo organik, e like me ka azodicarbonamide, azobisisobutyro-nitrile (AIBN no ka pōkole). ʻO nā plastik nui i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻohua ʻana: ABS, PS, PVC, PU, ​​EVA, PE, PP, a pēlā aku.

4. ʻO ka mea pale ahi
Ke hoʻopili ʻia nā palakiko me nā mea pale lapalapa i ka lapalapa, kāohi lākou i ka laha ʻana o ka lapalapa a pale i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ka uahi ma kā lākou iho, a i ka wā e wehe ʻia ai ka lapalapa e pau ke kuni ʻana.

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kumumanaʻo o nā mea pale ahi i hoʻohana ʻia i nā plastics i ʻekolu mau māhele ākea.

(1) Hiki i nā mea hana incombustible reactive ke hana me ka oxygen e hana i kahi kinoea inert, i uhi ʻia a puni ka mea e ʻā ana, e hōʻemi ana i ka nui o ka oxygen o ka mea e ʻā ana e hoʻopau i ke kumu o ka puhi ʻana. Ma kahi e hiki ai i ka puhi ʻana ke hana i ka CO, CO2, NH3 a me nā hui halogen, e like me PVC, PU foam, polyester a i ʻole epoxy resin, a pēlā aku, ua koho ʻia no kēia ʻano hana.

(2) ʻO ka mea pale ahi ʻaʻole reactive kahi hui e loaʻa ana ka halogen, phosphorus, nitrogen a boron paha, i ka wā e puhi ai, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopau i kahi mea inert, i uhi ʻia i loko o ka mea puhi plastik ma luna o ka ʻili, e hana ana i kahi papa o nā pale e hoʻokaʻawale i ka oxygen o waho, e hoʻokō i ke kumu o ke kū'ē ʻana i ka lapalapa.

(3) Loaʻa nā oxides wai e like me ka alumina incombustible agent e hālāwai me ke ahi, hiki ke hoʻokuʻu i ke kinoea wai, e omo i ka wela o ke kaʻina hana ahi, i mea e hōʻemi ai ka mahana a puni ka mea e puhi ana i ka laha ʻana o ka lapalapa ahi, e pale ai i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ka uahi.

5, Lubricant
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka Lubricant i ka lubricant kūloko a me ka lubricant o waho, ʻo ka hana nui o ka lubricant kūloko e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka wai kūloko o ka resin, e hōʻemi i ka friction kūloko ma waena o nā kaulahao molekala resin, e like me nā lipids fatty acid (stearic acid monoglycerides); lubricant o waho i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka resin i ka mīkini hana, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻili laumania o ka huahana e maʻalahi ke hoʻokuʻu, e like me HoechstWax.

6, Mea hoʻololi hopena
ʻO nā mea hoʻololi hopena he mau resins kūikawā i hoʻohui ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka hui ʻana e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūpaʻa hopena o nā plastics. Hoʻopilikia pinepine nā mea hoʻololi hopena i ke kūpaʻa wela, ke kahe ʻana a i ʻole ka hiki ke hana ʻia o ka plastic a pono e koho pono ʻia.