ʻEono ʻAno o ka Paipu i Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia, Ua maopopo ka Pōmaikaʻi ma ka Nānā ʻana

1. Paipu polyvinyl chloride paʻakikī (PVC-U)

ʻO ka pipeline PVC-u ka resin polyvinyl chloride (PVC) sanitary ma ke ʻano he mea maka nui, e hoʻohui ana i ka nui kūpono o ka stabilizer, lubricant, filler, brightening agent a pēlā aku e ka plastic extruder extrusion molding a me ka injection molding machine, ma o ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana, ka hoʻōla ʻana, ke ʻano ʻana, ka nānā ʻana, ka hoʻopili ʻana a me nā kaʻina hana ʻē aʻe e hoʻopau i ka hana ʻana o ka paipu, nā mea hoʻopili paipu.

Nā pono o ka paipu PVC-U: māmā ke kaumaha, kūpaʻa i ka pala, kūpaʻa wai haʻahaʻa, mālama ikehu, hoʻokomo wikiwiki, kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa.

Noi: ʻenekinia wai piula wai kūlanakauhale a me ka hoʻolako wai, hale a me ka hoʻolako wai kūloko, ʻenekinia hoʻolako wai ʻoihana ʻoihana a me ka mining, ʻenekinia hoʻolako wai ahi i kanu ʻia, hoʻolako wai mālama wai mahiʻai a me ka ʻenekinia irrigation, ʻenekinia hoʻolako wai hoʻolālā ʻāina, hoʻolako wai ʻoihana aquaculture a me ka ʻenekinia hoʻokahe wai, etc.

2. Paipu hānai polypropylene copolymer (PP-R) maʻamau

ʻO ka paipu Pp-r, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he mau paipu polypropylene ʻekolu ʻano, ua hana ʻia me ka polypropylene copolymer random ma hope o ka extrusion i loko o ka paipu, injection i loko o nā mea hoʻopili paipu. He ʻano hou ia o ka huahana paipu plastik i hoʻomohala ʻia a hoʻohana ʻia ma ʻEulopa i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki 90. ʻO Pp-r kahi hanauna hou o nā mea pipeline i ka hopena o nā makahiki 1980, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kaʻina hana copolymerization gas phase e hana ai ma kahi o 5% PE i loko o ke kaulahao molekala o PP randomly uniform polymerization (random copolymerization). Loaʻa iā ia ke kūpaʻa hopena maikaʻi a me ka hana kolo lōʻihi.

Nā pono o nā paipu PPR: ke kumukūʻai kūpono, hana paʻa, pale wela, kūpaʻa i ka pala, paia o loko maʻemaʻe me ka ʻole o ka scaling, palekana a hilinaʻi hoʻi ka ʻōnaehana pipeline, ʻaʻole komo i loko, hiki i ke ola lawelawe ke hiki i 50 mau makahiki. ʻIke ʻia ʻo ia he mea hoʻonui ʻole, ʻaʻole e popo, ʻaʻole e liki, a he mea hoʻolako wai holomua ʻōmaʻomaʻo.

Kahua noi paipu PPR:

1. Nā ʻōnaehana wai anuanu a me ka wai wela o nā hale, me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻomehana waena;

2. Nā ʻōnaehana hoʻomehana i loko o nā hale, me ka papahele, ka wainscoting a me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻomehana radiant;

3. Hiki ke inu pololei i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻolako wai maʻemaʻe;

4, ʻōnaehana ea hoʻoluʻu kikowaena (kikowaena);

5. Nā ʻōnaehana paipu ʻoihana no ka lawe ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā mea pāpaho kemika.

3. Paipu hoʻolako wai polyvinyl chloride (PVC-C) i hoʻohuihui ʻia me ka chlorine

ʻO kona mau hiʻohiʻona:

1. Ikaika: no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o PVC-ma mua o PP-R, PB a me PEX, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā lou a me nā kākoʻo e pono ai. Hiki i ka Pvc-c ke kū i nā kaomi kiʻekiʻe a hoʻohana i kahi anawaena paipu liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā paipu PP-R, PB a me PEX ma ka nui o ke kahe like.
2. Hoʻonohonoho maʻalahi: hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mea hoʻohui kūikawā, hoʻonohonoho me ka ʻole o nā mea hana kūikawā, ʻo ia hoʻi, kūpono no ka ʻōlohelohe, kūpono hoʻi no ka pouli.
3. Ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka pala: ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka PVC-C e komo i ka oxygen, no laila ʻaʻole e alakaʻi nā ʻāpana metala i loko o ka ʻōnaehana i ka pala ma muli o ka oxidation.
4. Maikaʻi ka pale ʻana i ke ahi: ʻO ka helu kuhikuhi o ka PVC-oxygen he 60, haʻahaʻa loa ka hiki ke puhi, mai ke kinai ahi, ʻaʻole e hana i nā kulu ahi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hiki ke kāohi i ka hana ʻana o ka uahi a me ke kinoea ʻawahia.
5. ʻAʻole i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ke koena chlorine: ʻOkoʻa mai ka paipu polyolefin, ʻaʻole i hoʻopilikia ʻia ka paipu PVC-C e ke koena chlorine i loko o ka wai ma hope o ka hoʻohana lōʻihi, a ʻaʻole e māwae a liki.
6. Ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka waikawa a me ka alkali: ʻO PVC-ʻaʻohe mea no ka waikawa a i ʻole ka alkali he mana anticorrosion ikaika, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka lawe ʻana i ka wai HCL a me NaOH.
7. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka bacteria: ma hope o ka nui o nā hoʻokolohua i hōʻoia ʻia ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka bacteria i loko o ka paipu PVC, ʻo kona wikiwiki ulu bacteria he 1/60 o ka paipu PEX, 1/10 o ka paipu keleawe, 1/4 o ka paipu kila. ʻO ka nui i ana ʻia o ka bacteria legionella i loko o ka hāpana wai he 1/13 o ia i loko o ka paipu PEX a me 1/17 o ia i loko o ka paipu PP-R.
8. Haʻahaʻa ka coefficient hoʻonui wela a me ke kū'ē ʻana i ka ʻelemakule: hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā paipu plastik ʻē aʻe, he liʻiliʻi ka coefficient hoʻonui wela o ka paipu PVC-C, ma kahi o 1/2 o pp-R, PB a me PEX a me nā paipu plastik ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa i nā paipu PVC-C ke kū'ē uv ikaika a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma waho, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki i nā paipu polyolefin maʻamau.
9. Nā kūlana hana olakino kiʻekiʻe: Ua hoʻāʻo ʻia nā paipu wai anuanu a me ka wai wela PVC-C e nā luna hoʻomalu wai a me ke olakino o ka honua he nui, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā hopena ma mua o ka World Health Organization a me ke Kuhina Ola o ka Repubalika o Kina a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe ma nā kūlana wai inu.

4. Paipu Polyethylene (PE)

ʻO ka hana ʻana i nā paipu PE me ka ʻole o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka mea hoʻopaʻa paʻakai metala kaumaha, mea ʻawaʻawa ʻole, ʻaʻohe papa scaling, ʻaʻohe bacteria, kahi hopena maikaʻi i ka haumia lua o ka wai inu kūlanakauhale. Ma waho aʻe o kekahi mau oxidants ikaika, hiki ke kū i ka ʻino ʻana o nā ʻano kemika like ʻole; ʻAʻohe corrosion electrochemical. Hiki ke hoʻohana palekana ʻia ka paipu PE no nā makahiki he 50 a ʻoi ma ka mahana a me ke kaomi i helu ʻia. He paʻakikī maikaʻi ka paipu PE, ikaika hopena kiʻekiʻe, a me ke kaumaha kaumaha pololei ma o ka pipeline, ʻaʻole ia e alakaʻi i ka haki ʻana o ka pipeline. ʻOi aku ka ikaika o ka pilina hoʻoheheʻe wela o ka paipu PE a i ʻole ka uila ma mua o ke kino paipu; ʻaʻole e hemo ka hui ma muli o ka neʻe ʻana o ka lepo a i ʻole ka ukana ola. He māmā ke kaumaha o ka pipeline, maʻalahi i ke kaʻina hana wili, kūpono i ke kūkulu ʻana a haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai piha.

5. Paipu wai hoʻolako wai plastik ʻenekinia Acrylonitrile - butadiene - styrene (ABS)

ʻO ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā paipu he hui ʻana o ka propylene, butadiene a me ka styrene, ʻo ia hoʻi ka resin ABS, a ʻo nā mea hoʻohui wale nō e pono ai e hoʻomaikaʻi i kona mau waiwai kino a me nā waiwai mechanical a me nā waiwai hana e pono e hoʻopuehu like ʻia. ʻO ka density (kg/m3) o ka propene butadiene styrene he 1000≤ρ≤ L070. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka maka acrylic i loko o ka mea maka ma mua o 20 (hapa nui), a ʻaʻole pono e ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hui ʻē aʻe ma mua o 5% (hapa nui). Pono e hana ʻia ka mea i loko o ka paipu, e like me nā ʻōlelo a GB/T 18252 o ka hoʻāʻo, ʻo ka ikaika haʻahaʻa loa i koi ʻia ʻo MRS≥14 MPa, ʻo ka waiwai haʻahaʻa loa o ka hoʻohana holoʻokoʻa (hoʻolālā) coefficient C he 1.6.

Pono e hana ʻia nā paipu a me nā mea hoʻohui ABS e like me GB/T 20207. Pono ka ʻōnaehana paipu polyvinyl chloride chlorinated no ka lawe ʻana i ka wai inu e hoʻokō i nā koi o GB/T 17219-1998.

Wahi a ke kūpaʻa kemika a me ke olakino o ka mea, kūpono ia no ka hoʻolako wai kaomi a me ka halihali wai, ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ʻino a me ka mālama ʻana i ka wai, ka ʻaila, ka ʻoihana kemika, nā mea uila mana, ka metallurgy, ka mining, ka electroplating, ka hana pepa, ka meaʻai a me ka mea inu, ka ea hoʻoluʻu, ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe a me ke kūkulu ʻana o ka pauka, ka wai a me ke kinoea a me nā wai ʻē aʻe.

6. Paipu hoʻokahe polyethylene kiʻekiʻe (HDPE)

He resin thermoplastic non-polar ke HDPE, he crystallinity kiʻekiʻe. He keʻokeʻo waiū ke ʻano o ka HDPE mua, me kahi kekelē o ka translucency ma ka ʻāpana lahilahi. I loko o ka ʻōnaehana paipu hoʻolako wai a me ka hoʻokahe wai, ua pani mālie ka paipu plastik i ka paipu kuʻuna e like me ka paipu hao i hoʻolei ʻia a me ka paipu kila galvanized a lilo i paipu mainstream. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka paipu plastik a me ka paipu kuʻuna, me ke kaumaha māmā, ke kūpaʻa i ka pala, ka pale wai liʻiliʻi, ka mālama ikehu, ka hoʻokomo maʻalahi a me ka wikiwiki, ke kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa o nā pono koʻikoʻi, e ka pōʻai ʻenekinia pipeline.

Paipu HDPEHoʻohana nui ʻia no: ka ʻōnaehana hoʻolako wai ʻenekinia kūlanakauhale, ka ʻōnaehana hoʻolako wai o loko o nā hale, ka ʻōnaehana hoʻolako wai kanu waho a me ka ʻōnaehana hoʻolako wai kanu o nā kaiāulu noho, nā hale hana, ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka pipeline kahiko, ka ʻōnaehana pipeline ʻenekinia mālama wai, ka māla, ka irrigation a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe o nā paipu wai ʻoihana.